What kind of reaction occurs when hair is neutralized after perming?

The process of neutralizing hair after perming is essential for stabilizing the new shape created during the perming process. Neutralization involves applying a neutralizing solution, which typically contains hydrogen peroxide or a similar agent. This step is crucial because it reforms the disulfide bonds that were either broken or altered during the waving process.

When hair is permed, the disulfide bonds that give hair its structural integrity are broken through the application of a reducing agent. After the hair has been set into the desired shape with rods, neutralization is required to create new disulfide bonds, thereby locking in the new shape. This formation of new disulfide bonds is what effectively holds the curl or wave in place.

Additionally, while moisturizing the hair is important for maintaining its health and flexibility, this is not the primary reaction that takes place during neutralization. The breakdown of protein structures is more associated with the initial perming process, where the hair's natural bonds are altered. The removal of grease and oil is unrelated to the chemical changes that occur during neutralization and instead pertains to formatting cleanliness or preparation for the service. Therefore, the formation of new disulfide bonds accurately describes the reaction that occurs during the neutralization process after perming.